While pneumococcal disease is typically endemic, outbreaks have been reported in high-risk settings, including daycare centres, shipyards, prisons, homeless shelters and hospitals. Go to footnote 1 Large serotype 1 outbreaks have occurred in the African Meningitis belt. Go to footnote 2 There is limited evidence on the effectiveness of PCV in response to pneumococcal disease outbreaks. Considerations are given to mult-age cohort campaigns and relevant research is ongoing. Go to footnote 3
- Go back to footnote reference 1
Bennett JC, Deloria-Knoll M, Kagucia EW, Garcia Quesada M, Zeger SL, Hetrich MK et al. (2024). Global impact of ten valent and 13 valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on invasive pneumococcal disease in all ages (the PSERENADE project): a global surveillance analysis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2024. doi: 10.1016/S1473 3099(24)00588 7.
- Go back to footnote reference 2
Franklin K, Kwambana-Adams B, Lessa FC, Soeters HM, Cooper L, Coldiron ME et al. Pneumococcal Meningitis Outbreaks in Africa, 2000-2018: Systematic Literature Review and Meningitis Surveillance Database Analyses. J Infect Dis. 2021;224:S174-S83. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiab105
- Go back to footnote reference 3
Bennett JC, Deloria-Knoll M, Kagucia EW, Garcia Quesada M, Zeger SL, Hetrich MK et al. (2024). Global impact of ten valent and 13 valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on invasive pneumococcal disease in all ages (the PSERENADE project): a global surveillance analysis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2024. doi: 10.1016/S1473 3099(24)00588 7.
