Measles containing vaccines | NITAG RESOURCE CENTER

Overview

Measles-containing combination vaccines are widely used in routine immunization programmes globally and include measles (M), measles-rubella (MR), measles-mumps-rubella (MMR), and measles-mumps-rubella-varicella (MMRV) formulations. While measles vaccination has been introduced in all countries, inclusion of rubella, mumps, and varicella antigens varies according to national epidemiology, programme priorities, vaccine availability, affordability, and system capacity. The evidence summarized in this compendium is intended primarily for countries with established measles-containing vaccine (MCV) programmes considering a switch from measles-only to formulations including rubella and/or mumps, because these are the most relevant considerations.

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General indicators for Measles containing vaccines

Number of new cases per year (last 3-5 years)

Proportion of the population affected by the disease or infected with the antigen

Serogroup or serotype distribution (for serogroup- or serotype-specific vaccines)

Number of deaths from the disease per year

Case Fatality ratio (number of deaths / number of new cases, in %)

Outbreak, epidemic or pandemic risk

Contribution of the vaccine to achievement of the national, regional or global disease goals

Serogroup or serotype coverage by vaccines considered (for serogroup- or serotype-specific vaccines)

Efficacy and effectiveness estimates (e.g. against infection, disease, hospitalization, death), including in different populations

Duration of protection and waning of immunity in general and risk groups

Type, including severity, consequences and frequency of short- and long-term adverse events following vaccination

Perception of the target population on the risk of disease

Acceptability of the vaccine and of vaccination against the disease

Estimated financial cost of materials per vaccine dose (syringes, needles, safety box) (in USD)

Estimated vaccine financial cost per dose (in USD)

Estimated financial cost per person vaccinated (in USD)

Cost-effectiveness ratio

Is there a Gavi programme to support the introduction of this vaccine? If a Gavi programme is available, what support is available to countries?

Available vaccines, licensing status, prequalification status, presentation, formulation, dosage and route of administration

Number of doses and timing of administrations

Cold chain volume required per vaccine dose (in cm3)

Disclaimer

Data are mostly derived from recent WHO and NITAG official publications, peer reviewed papers, other publicly available sources, and institutional publications. Not all data are the result of a systematic review with an assessment of the certainty of evidence; in addition, the evidence does not cover every aspect of the respective indicator. Users are encouraged to review the data sources in detail and consider any additional data that may be available, including regional and local data.