Market (feasibility)
As of September 2026, there are eight HPV vaccines with marketing authorisation that are manufactured directly by the authorisation holder: Bivalent: Cecolin ® (Innovax), Cervarix ® (GSK), Walrinvax ® (Walvax) ; Quadrivalent: Gardasil ® (MSD), Cervavac (SII), Tsegardex ® (Nanolek); Nonavalent: Gardasil-9 ® (MSD), Cecolin 9® (Innovax).Go to footnote 1. Six of those vaccines are WHO-prequalified.Go to footnote 2, Go to footnote 3
Other HPV vaccines are authorised or commercialised under local brand names through technology-transfer, bulk-transfer, licensing, distribution or localisation arrangements (e.g., Nusagard in Indonesia, Silgard in Argentina, Papilovax in Bangladesh). For these products, the available public evidence indicates local commercialisation and/or partial local manufacturing steps but does not consistently demonstrate full end-to-end production─ including drug-substance manufacture ─ by the local commercialising entity.Go to footnote 1
Detailed information on the different products can be found in the vaccine comparison table.Go to footnote 4
- Go back to footnote reference 1
World Health Organization (2026) Full vaccine product list (https://www.who.int/teams/immunization-vaccines-and-biologicals/vaccine-access/mi4a/mi4a-vaccine-purchase-data, accessed 24 June 2026).
- Go back to footnote reference 2
World Health Organization (2026) Prequalified Vaccines (https://extranet.who.int/prequal/vaccines/prequalified-vaccines, accessed 24 June 2026).
- Go back to footnote reference 3
World Health Organization (2024). Considerations for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine product choice, second edition. Geneva: World Health Organization (https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/379113/9789240100930-eng.pdf, accessed 24 June 2026).
- Go back to footnote reference 4
NITAG Resource Centre (2026). Vaccine Evidence Compendium – HPV vaccines - HPV vaccines comparison (https://www.nitag-resource.org/compendium/hpv/vaccines, accessed 14 August 2026).