Background: The interaction between T cell-related vaccines and the dysregulated immune environment in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients remains unclear. Aim(s): To systematically evaluate the immune response of IBD patients following vaccination with T-cell-related vaccines and analyze the impact of immunosuppressive therapy on vaccine response. Method(s): Multiple databases and preprint platforms were searched, and study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Data amenable to synthesis were analyzed via Meta-analysis, while non-combinable data were presented as a narrative review. Result(s): IBD patients showed no significant difference in spike-specific CD4/CD8 T cell frequencies compared to healthy controls.RBD-IgG titers and sVNT inhibition rates were significantly reduced in IBD patients. Both anti-TNF agents and JAK inhibitors profoundly weakened humoral immunity, whereas gut-selective drugs have minimal impact on antibody responses. Notably, long-term immunosuppression is correlated with broad T-cell functional impairment, though prior infection partially compensated for primary response defects. Conclusion(s): Overall, T-cell responses remain relatively stable after T-cell-related vaccination in IBD patients, while humoral immunity is significantly impaired. Clinicians should monitor humoral immune indices in patients on immunosuppressive therapy. Copyright © 2025 Editrice Gastroenterologica Italiana S.r.l.
Abstract
All age groups
Efficacy/effectiveness
